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Transformer wiring color code9/2/2023 In the US, Black/Red/Blue are used for each of the three phase lines in 120V/208 systems, and in IEC Brown/Black/Gray are used. Yes, it doesn't really matter all that much inside of equipment unless you have particular standards to meet that tell you otherwise, but NEC (US), IEC, and other standards define additional colors to support three phase wiring. Power supplies in PCs have standard wire colors (as per ATX spec) For example DC power uses red and black, or USB has specific wire colors by standard. But for some things color coding standards do exist so its best to follow them to make things easier to understand for people. So its impossible to make a certain color code be required by law. Also typically the inside of equipment is serviced by someone who is specifically familiar with that type of equipment. So we just don't have nearly enough colors to color code all of that. Some wires might carry AC power, some DC power, some might be switched power for some sort of load, some might be digital signal lines, some might be 24V signal lines, some might be analog lines, some might be digital communication buses. But when it comes to the inside of equipment, they are much more complex than an electrical cabinet. Not having a standard would make that a living hell to sort out what is what. They commonly open up a junction box and just find a mess of wires inside coming in from all directions. The standard mains color codes are there to help electricians wire things up correctly.
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